Heart worms In Dogs What They Are & What To Do

The presence of heart worms can be very dangerous to the dog’s health. Although the dog will not display signs of infection until it has progressed considerably, heart worms can be life threatening and are sometimes difficult to detect and diagnose.

Signs of Heart worm Infection

When a dog is first infected with heart worms, there are literally no signs and the presence of heart worms can not be detected even with a blood test. Once the worm larva reaches the heart and matures, however, signs that are detectible by X-ray start to develop almost immediately. These include damage to the blood vessels around the heart and lungs. It is rare that a dog will be infected by only one worm and as the mature worms in the heart grow in size and number, the conditions worsen, eventually causing a blockage of blood flow. It is at this point that the dog will start to display physical signs which can include pain, hypertension, difficulty breathing, lethargy or even fainting. In extremely progressed cases the dog can suffer from heart failure and death although by the time the heart worm disease has reached this stage the owner has probably realized that something is going on and sought veterinary care.

Treating Heart worm Infection

Once a dog has been diagnosed as having heart worms, treatment must be started. What this treatment is and how it is administered is dependent on the stage of heart worm infection. Generally, there are four stages of heart worm disease.

• Stage One – Dogs at the lowest risk – heart worms are detected in X-rays but all other tests appear normal

• Stage Two – Dogs are moderately infected, may have some difficulty breathing and be demonstrating coughing

• Stage Three – Dogs are severely affected & may display weight loss, have difficulty breathing, blood tests likely show kidney and/or liver damage

• Stage Four – Dogs have Vena Cava Syndrome and are in shock, essentially dying – surgery may be undertaken to remove worms, but there is no guarantee that it will save the dog.